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Immucyst 卡介苗免疫治疗剂

通用名称卡介苗免疫治疗剂 BCG Immunotherapeutic
品牌名称Immucyst
产地|公司日本(Japan) | 日本化药(Nippon Kayaku)
技术状态原研产品
成分|含量40mg
包装|存储1支/盒 2度-8度(冰箱冷藏,禁止冷冻)
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通用中文 卡介苗免疫治疗剂 通用外文 BCG Immunotherapeutic
品牌中文 品牌外文 Immucyst
其他名称 イムノブラダー
公司 日本化药(Nippon Kayaku) 产地 日本(Japan)
含量 40mg 包装 1支/盒
剂型给药 储存 2度-8度(冰箱冷藏,禁止冷冻)
适用范围 膀胱癌
通用中文 卡介苗免疫治疗剂
通用外文 BCG Immunotherapeutic
品牌中文
品牌外文 Immucyst
其他名称 イムノブラダー
公司 日本化药(Nippon Kayaku)
产地 日本(Japan)
含量 40mg
包装 1支/盒
剂型给药
储存 2度-8度(冰箱冷藏,禁止冷冻)
适用范围 膀胱癌

使用说明书

(免责声明:本说明书仅供参考,不作为治疗的依据,不可取代任何医生、药剂师等专业性的指导。本站不提供治疗建议,药物是否适合您,请专业医生(或药剂师)决定。)
等待内容更新

中文说明

(免责声明:本说明书仅供参考,不作为治疗的依据,不可取代任何医生、药剂师等专业性的指导。本站不提供治疗建议,药物是否适合您,请专业医生(或药剂师)决定。)

简介:

 

商品名: BCG IMMUNOTHERAPEUTIC
中文名: 巴斯德 BCG 免疫治疗剂
学名: BCG vaccine
类别: INT 剂量
结构式: 每瓶含有80mg(乾重) BCG和5% Monosodium glutamate。
BCG桿菌经重新调配后可存活,每剂含6.6-19.2 X 108菌落形成单位(CFC)。
药理作用
BCG免疫治疗剂促进膀胱处其有组织细胞及白血球细胞渗透的局部发炎。局部发炎作用因膀胱表面癌损伤之明显去除或减少而引起。其真正之机转未明。
适应症
本品(BCG免疫治疗剂)适用於膀胱内使用,治疗膀胱之初级復发性原位癌(CIS),以降低肿瘤再发之频率。其适用於治疗伴有或未伴有乳头状肿瘤之原位癌。但不适用於治疗单独发生之乳头状瘤。本品亦用作膀胱对其他原位癌(CIS)治疗疗程无法反应后之补救疗法。
治疗及预防膀胱原发或復发性原位癌或经尿道切除后之表浅性乳头瘤(TA及T1)。
用法用量
膀胱内治疗及预防膀胱原位癌(CIS)应於切片检查或经尿道切除手术后7至14天开始。一次剂量3小瓶,本品(BCG免疫治疗剂)由膀胱内投举每週一次歷时6週(诱导疗法)。各次剂量(3瓶调製好小瓶)再用50毫升减菌,无防腐剂之食盐水稀释,总量为53毫升。尿道导管在无菌状况下插入膀胱内,引导膀胱内容物,然后藉重力缓慢将50毫升本品悬浮液灌入,之后取出导管。灌注后之第一小时内,患者应採俯卧、平躺及左右两侧躺15分鐘,然后患者可站立但再保持悬浮液60分鐘,总计达2小时,应教导其若需要以较少时间排尿。2小时终了时,为安全理由,所有患者以坐姿排尿。应教导患者保持足够之水份。达到最理想反应所需灌注之真正次数仍未知。大多数有反应之患者用6至12次灌注时达到。
不良反应
1. 大多数局部不良反应发生於第三次膀胱内灌注后,最常见者如下,排尿困难、频尿、血尿、膀胱炎、急迫、尿路感染、尿失禁及痉挛/疼痛、症状通常开始於灌注后2至4小时,持续24至72小时。
2. 每一次灌注后全身性反应一般持续1~3天,最常见者如下,身体不适、发热(>38℃)、发冷、贫血、噁心/呕吐、厌食、肌肉痛/关节痛/关节炎、腹泻、白血球过少、肾毒性及生殖器疼痛、颗粒肉牙肿性前列腺炎、副睪炎、睪丸炎以及肾肿疡已有报告已有报告挫伤性插管后或尿道感染之状况使用本品造成死亡。
3. 因使用本品所引起的刺激性小水泡副作用,可用phenazopyridinehy-drochlorid(Pyridium), probanthelia Bromide(ProBanthine)及 acetaminophen处理。
4. 全身性副作用(如身体不适,发烧及发冷)代表过敏反应,可用diphenhydraminhydrochloride治疗、用膀胱内本品偶而会发生因BCG菌种分佈所引起全身性感染、此种状况之处理於预防措施处提供。
禁忌
1. 正使用免疫抑制治疗的患者或免疫系统受损之患者不应接受ImmucCysTM(BCG免疫治疗剂)因有无法抵抗分枝桿菌而可能会造成全身性之败血症。
2. 骨髓抑制剂及/或免疫抑制剂及/或放射物之药物互相组合可能会损害本品之反应,而增加骨髓炎或散佈性BCG感染之危险性。
3. 除非发烧之原因已被测定且评估过,否则本品不应投药给发烧之患者、若发生之原因为感染,则应停用本品,直至烧退。
4. 尿路感染之患者不应接受本品治疗,因其会有造成散佈性BCG感染之危险性或增加膀胱刺激之危险性。
注意事项
1. 本品因含活的减毒分枝桿菌,以传染物处理。
2. 所有用以灌注本品进入膀胱的装置及材料(例如:针筒、导管)在使用后应立即置入胶袋内,袋上标有\"感染性废弃物\"并依据生物危险废弃物丢弃。
3. 使用本品(BCG免疫治疗剂)治疗膀胱原位癌时必须小心,不要引污染入尿道造成不当地伤害尿路粘膜。
4. 建议经尿道切除后一週内不可投用膀胱内本品,因为外伤性插管后使用本品已有死亡之报告。
5. 若医师相信膀胱插管已造成外伤(例如:引起出血或可能之歧道),则不应使用本品,治疗至少须延后一过。接下去应用完所有本品剂量,即使曾暂时性停止投药亦是。
6. 若於治疗期间患者有发烧或严重的身体不适,应投用isoniazid,每天300mg,直至症状缓解止。若症状持续,则应停止BCG免疫法。以后任何重新灌注BCG前应开始Isoniazid预防性治疗。
7. 若有怀疑全身性BCG感染(即患者若发热超过39℃或发热高过 38℃时持续2天或严重身体不适)应开始用isoniazid每天300 mg Rifampicin 600mg/天,及ethambutol 120mg/天作快速作用抗结核病疗法。停止BCG疗法,且应请询传染病专家。应加 cycloserine 250~500mg 以对致命性感染作紧急治疗。应该知道假定性BCG全身感染仅少见地由阳性培养确定。
8. 怀孕时使用:尚未使用本品进行动物生殖研究。亦未知本品投用到怀孕妇女是否造成胎儿伤害,或是否会影响生育能力。只有清楚明确地需要本品方能给予怀孕妇女使用。
9. 哺乳母亲:全身性BCG感染之母亲会传染其餵乳之婴儿。未知本品是否排出在人类乳汁中。因此当投用本品至哺乳母亲时应小心。儿童使用:对儿童CIS之安全性及效力尚未确立。

孕妇用药分级
C 级:
在对照的动物研究试验中显示该药学物对胚胎有不良反应(致畸胎性或杀胚胎性或其他),但未进行人体怀孕妇女研究;或者尚无对照的人体怀孕妇女或动物研究试验。只有在可能的利益大於潜在的危险,才可使用此药物。

药品保存方式
药品应置於摄氏 2 ~ 8 度冰箱内(勿冷冻);如发生变质或过期,不可再使用。

乾燥BCG(生物学的応答調節剤)
商品名(製造・販売会社)
•イムノブラダー(日本BCG)
•イムシスト(日本化薬)
BCGはウシ型結核菌を弱毒化してつくったワクチンで結核予防に世界中で使用されてきました。このワクチン自体は抗がん効果はないものの、膀胱に炎症を引き起こしている免疫系を刺激し、その免疫系が膀胱がんに対する抗がん効果を生じるされています。
膀胱注入による治療が、表在性膀胱がんの初期治療の第1選択肢とみなされています。一般に再発リスクの高い患者に使用され、80~90%でがん細胞が完全に消失するといわれています。
適応となるがん
表在性(粘膜内にとどまっている)膀胱がん
主な副作用
膀胱に対する刺激により、大部分の人に、頻尿や排尿痛、排尿困難、血尿などがみられます。そのほか、間質性肺炎やアナフィラキシー症状、萎縮性膀胱、ライター症候群、腎不全などが起こる可能性もあります。
使用上の注意点
結核の既往歴のある人やツベルクリン反応で要請が強く出た人は上記の副作用が長引くがあります。

外文说明

(免责声明:本说明书仅供参考,不作为治疗的依据,不可取代任何医生、药剂师等专业性的指导。本站不提供治疗建议,药物是否适合您,请专业医生(或药剂师)决定。)

BCG Vaccine Live Intravesical

Last Updated: November 18, 2016
Status: Current

Products Affected - Description

TheraCys intravesical injection, Sanofi Pasteur
81 mg, vial, 1 count (NDC 49281-0880-03) - discontinued

Reason for the Shortage

Sanofi Pasteur discontinued TheraCys because of manufacturing concerns. Production will stop mid-2017, and the product will not be re-launched in the United States.1Merck states the reason for the shortage was increased demand. Merck has Tice BCG readily available.2

Available Products

Tice BCG intravesical injection, Merck
50 mg, single dose vial, 1 count (NDC 00052-0602-02)

Estimated Resupply Dates

Sanofi Pasteur has TheraCys 81 mg vials for intravesical injection on back order and the company cannot estimate a release date.1

Implications for Patient Care

BCG live intravesical contains live attenuated mycobacteria and is labeled for the treatment and prophylaxis of carcinoma in situ of the urinary bladder.3-5 BCG live intravesical is also labeled for prophylaxis of primary or recurring stage Ta or T1 papillary tumors following transurethral resection.3-5

Safety

BCG live is biohazardous as it contains live, attenuated mycobacteria. This poses additional safety risks both for patients and for healthcare workers handling these agents.5,6Use additional caution when processing orders for chemotherapy drugs, especially when switching between chemotherapy agents or when processing orders for chemotherapy agents with which staff may be unfamiliar (eg, those not normally prescribed at a specific institution).5,6Tice BCG vaccine percutaneous for tuberculosis is not a substitute for BCG live intravesical.2Use preservative-free 0.9% sodium chloride to dilute BCG live intravesical. Avoid bacteriostatic 0.9% sodium chloride solution.3-5

Alternative Agents & Management

The choice of an alternative agent must be patient-specific and based on renal function, liver function, and the neoplasm type and location. No single agent can be substituted for BCG live.5-7The optimal dose, schedule and duration of BCG live therapy in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer are not fully established. Recent trials have evaluated the use of reduced (1/3 dose) dosing regimens.8-23Consult a Hematology/Oncology specialist for patient- and neoplasm-specific recommendations.Refer to the ASHP Guidelines on Managing Drug Product Shortages for more guidance on developing a multidisciplinary plan when the supply must be allocated. 

Related Shortages

Hepatitis A Virus Vaccine Inactivated — ResolvedHepatitis B Vaccine Recombinant — ResolvedHepatitis B Vaccine Recombinant and Bivalent Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate — ResolvedMeasles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Virus Vaccine Live Injection — ResolvedRabies Vaccine — ResolvedTyphoid Vi Polysaccharide Injectable Vaccine — ResolvedYellow Fever Vaccine Injection — CurrentZoster Vaccine Live — Resolved

References

1.    Sanofi Pasteur (personal communications and website). May 8, 21, and 31, June 20, July 13, August 8, September 19, November 7, 2012; January 28, March 18, May 17, July 17, September 18, December 4, 2013; January 31, March 1, June 10, July 23, December 12, 2014; January 12 and 15, February 23, March 9, April 22, June 4, August 4, September 8 and 15, November 12, and December 22, 2015; May 10, July 20, September 20, and November 15, 2016.

2.    Merck (personal communications). May 9, 21, and 31, June 20, July 13, August 8, September 19, November 7, 2012; January 28, March 18, May 17, July 17, September 23, and December 4, 2013; February 3, April 7, June 10, August 7, 15, and 22, September 11 and 23, October 7 and 13, November 4 and 20, December 12, 2014; January 12 and 15, February 23, March 27, April 27, June 15, August 4, September 4 and 30, November 9, 2015; February 1, May 10, July 11, and September 20, 2016.

3.    Sanofi Pasteur. TheraCys (BCG live intravesical) Injection, [product information]. Swiftwater, PA: Sanofi Pasteur; 2011.

4.    Merck. Tice BCG (BCG live intravesical) Injection, [product information]. West Point, PA: Merck, 2009.

5.    Beckwith MC, Tyler LS, eds. Cancer Chemotherapy Manual. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Health Inc. 2012.

6.    Antineoplastic agents. In: McEvoy GK, ed. AHFS 2010 Drug Information. Bethesda, MD: American Society of Health-Systems Pharmacists; 2010: 902-1260.

7.    Drug Facts and Comparisons Online. St. Louis, MO: Wolters Kluwer Health Inc. May 2012.

8.    Wood DP. Re: final results of an EORTC-GU cancers group randomized study of maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin in intermediate- and high-risk Ta, T1 papillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder: one-third dose versus full dose and 1 year versus 3 years of maintenance. J Urol 2014;191:348-9.

9.    Weintraub MD, Li QQ, Agarwal PK. Advances in intravesical therapy for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (Review). Molecular Clin Oncol 2014;2:656-60.

10. Solsona E. Words of wisdom. Re: Final results of an EORTC-GU cancers group randomized study of maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin in intermediate- and high-risk Ta, T1 papillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder: one-third dose versus full dose and 1 year versus 3 years of maintenance. Eur Urol 2014;65:847-8.

11. Pfister C, Kerkeni W, Rigaud J, et al. Efficacy and tolerance of one-third full dose bacillus Calmette-Guerin maintenance therapy every 3 months or 6 months: Two-year results of URO-BCG-4 multicenter study. Int J Urol 2014;epub.

12. Oddens JR, Sylvester RJ, Brausi MA, et al. The effect of age on the efficacy of maintenance bacillus calmette-guerin relative to maintenance epirubicin in patients with stage ta t1 urothelial bladder cancer: results from EORTC genito-urinary group study 30911. Eur Urol 2014;66:694-701.

13. Kamat AM, Witjes JA, Brausi M, et al. Defining and treating the spectrum of intermediate risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. J Urol 2014;192:305-15.

14. Brausi M, Oddens J, Sylvester R, et al. Side effects of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) in the treatment of intermediate- and high-risk Ta, T1 papillary carcinoma of the bladder: results of the EORTC genito-urinary cancers group randomized phase 3 study comparing one-third dose with full dose and 1 year with 3 years of maintenance BCG. Eur Urol 2014;65:69-76.

15. Oddens J, Brausi M, Sylvester R, et al. Final results of an EORTC-GU cancers group randomized study of maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin in intermediate- and high-risk Ta, T1 papillary carcinoma of the urinary bladder: one-third dose versus full dose and 1 year versus 3 years of maintenance. Eur Urol 2013;63:462-72.

16. Babjuk M, Burger M, Zigeuner R, et al. EAU guidelines on non-muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: update 2013. Eur Urology. 2013;64:639-53.

17. Gontero P, Oderda M, Mehnert A, et al. The impact of intravesical gemcitabine and 1/3 dose bacillus Calmette-guerin instillation therapy of the quality of life in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: results of a prospective, randomized Phase II trial. J Urol 2013; 190:857-62.

18. Anastasiadis A, de Reijke TM. Best practice in the treatment of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer. Ther Adv Urol 2012;4:13-32.

19. Ojea A, Nogueira JL, Solsona E, et al. A multicentre, randomized prospective trial comparing three intravesical adjuvant therapies for intermediate-risk superficial bladder cancer: low-dose bacillus Calmette-Guerin (27 mg) versus very low-dose bacillus Calmette-Guerin (13.5 mg) versus mitomycin C. Eur Urol 2007;52:1398-406.

20. Hall MC, Chang SS, Dalbagni G, et al. Guideline for the management of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (stages Ta, T1, and Tis): 2007 update. J Urol 2007;178:2314-30.

21. Agrawal MS, Agrawal M, Bansal S, Agarwal M, Lavania P, Goyal J. The safety and efficacy of different doses of bacillus Calmette Guerin in superficial bladder transitional cell carcinoma. Urology 2007;70:1075-8.

22. Inman BA. Re: Has a 3-fold decreased dose of bacillus Calmette-Guerin the same efficacy against recurrences and progression of T1G3 and Tis bladder tumors than the standard dose? Results of a prospective randomized trial. J Urol 2006;175:1960; author reply -1.

23. Martinez-Pineiro JA, Martinez-Pineiro L, Solsona E, et al. Has a 3-fold decreased dose of bacillus Calmette-Guerin the same efficacy against recurrences and progression of T1G3 and Tis bladder tumors than the standard dose? Results of a prospective randomized trial. J Urol 2005;174:1242-7.